Finally, you have a chance to do some real work with Oracle. In this module, we will make preparations to create the database that will be used for the remainder of this course. Together, we will:
Review Oracle's Optimal Flexible Architecture
Create a database parameter file
Size the SGA and the database buffer cache
Decide on a database block size
Size the initial database files
In the module following this one, we will actually create the course project database that we discussed earlier in the course.
If you are running Oracle, you'll be building an actual database, and if you are not running Oracle, we'll walk you through the steps so you know how to do it. In addition to being used for this course, this project database will also be used for the next four courses in the Oracle Database Administration Certification Series.
Now, let us make the necessary preparations to create a database.
Understanding the (OFA) Optimal Flexible Architecture
Before you install Oracle and start creating databases, you must understand Oracle's Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) standard.
This standard is widely employed for specifying consistent directory structures and the file-naming
conventions used when installing and creating Oracle databases.
Note One irony of this ubiquitous OFA "standard" is that almost every DBA, in some manner, customizes it to fit the unique requirements of his or her environment. Because most shops implement a form of the OFA standard, understanding this structure is critical. Figure 6-1 shows the directory structure and file names used with the OFA standard.
Not all the directories and files found in an Oracle environment appear in this figure (there is not enough room). However, the critical and most frequently used directories and files are displayed.
Figure 6-1. Oracle's OFA standard
The OFA standard includes several directories that you should be familiar with:
Oracle inventory directory
Oracle base directory (ORACLE_BASE)
Oracle home directory (ORACLE_HOME)
Oracle network files directory (TNS_ADMIN)
Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR_HOME)
These directories are discussed in the following sections.
Oracle's Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) still exists and is relevant in Oracle 19c. It remains a set of guidelines for installing and organizing Oracle software, including databases, on your system.
Here's why OFA remains important in Oracle 19c:
Structured File System: OFA promotes a well-structured directory layout for Oracle software and databases. This simplifies administration, improves maintainability, and reduces the risk of conflicts between different Oracle versions or products.
Scalability and Manageability: By separating data files, binaries, and configuration files into designated locations, OFA facilitates easier scaling and management of your Oracle environment, especially as your database grows.
Standardized Approach: Following OFA principles ensures consistency in how Oracle software is laid out across different servers, making it easier for administrators familiar with OFA to navigate and manage the system.
While not a strict requirement, Oracle still recommends adhering to OFA principles for new installations in Oracle 19c. The Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) typically installs Oracle software following OFA guidelines by default.
In summary, Oracle's Optimal Flexible Architecture is still a valuable guideline for organizing Oracle software and databases in Oracle 19c. It promotes a structured, scalable, and manageable approach to database administration.
